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The Rising Crime Rate in the UK: A Crisis in the Criminal Justice System

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Apple Pulls Encrypted Backup Feature in UK Amid Government Pressure

Paul Francis
Feb 26
3 min read

The ongoing battle between Apple and the UK government over encrypted data access has taken a major turn, with Apple officially removing its encrypted Advanced Data Protection (ADP) backup feature for UK users. The move follows a demand under the Investigatory Powers Act 2016 (IPA), which required Apple to create a backdoor allowing law enforcement access to encrypted iCloud backups.

This development has sparked intense debate over privacy, cybersecurity, and government surveillance, with critics warning that it could set a dangerous precedent for tech companies worldwide.

What’s Happening?

In early February 2025, reports emerged that the UK government had issued a technical capability notice (TCN) to Apple, compelling the company to create a means for authorities to access end-to-end encrypted iCloud data. The demand was made under the IPA, often called the "Snooper’s Charter", which grants the UK government broad surveillance powers over digital communications.

Apple, which has long positioned itself as a champion of user privacy, refused to create a backdoor. Instead, the company has opted to withdraw its ADP feature for UK users entirely.

As of February 21, 2025:

New UK users will no longer be able to enable Advanced Data Protection for iCloud backups.

Existing users will receive notifications instructing them to disable the feature.

Other Apple encryption services (such as iMessage and iCloud Keychain) will remain unchanged—for now.

The UK government maintains that the move is necessary to combat terrorism, organized crime, and child exploitation, arguing that encryption prevents law enforcement from obtaining vital evidence. Apple, however, has countered that weakening encryption for one government inevitably weakens security for all users worldwide.

Why Did Apple Remove ADP in the UK?

Apple’s decision appears to be a direct response to the UK’s legal framework, which requires companies to comply with surveillance orders in secret. Under the IPA, tech companies are forbidden from revealing whether they have received a request for backdoor access.

In previous cases, Apple has resisted similar demands, even threatening to withdraw services like iMessage and FaceTime from the UK market if forced to weaken encryption. While the UK government later backed down on that demand, it has stood firm on iCloud backups, leading Apple to take the drastic step of disabling ADP entirely.

Apple’s response suggests that it was unable to legally challenge the request or that it faced potential penalties for noncompliance. By pulling the feature, Apple avoids directly compromising its encryption while still operating within UK law.

The Risks of Weakening Encryption

Privacy advocates and cybersecurity experts have condemned the UK’s approach, warning that it sets a dangerous precedent for governments worldwide. Key concerns include:

A backdoor for one government is a backdoor for everyone – If Apple had complied, other governments—including those with weaker human rights protections—could demand similar access.

Increased cybercrime risk – Encryption protects individuals, businesses, and even national security infrastructure. Weakening it could expose sensitive personal and corporate data to hackers.
Surveillance creep – The IPA allows the UK government to expand its surveillance powers over time. Once access to encrypted backups is granted, the next step could be real-time access to messaging and calls.
Erosion of digital privacy globally – If other nations follow suit, Apple and other tech companies could face mounting pressure to create backdoors in their encryption systems, fundamentally altering the digital privacy landscape.

Could Other Tech Companies Be Next?

The UK's success in pressuring Apple may embolden governments to target other tech giants. Companies that could face similar demands include:

Google (Android backups, Google Drive encryption)
Microsoft (OneDrive, Windows security features)
Meta (WhatsApp, Messenger encryption)
Encrypted messaging services (Signal, Telegram, ProtonMail)

If this trend continues, we may see a global shift where governments increasingly demand access to encrypted data, leaving users with fewer secure digital options.

What Happens Next?

For now, UK Apple users will no longer have access to fully encrypted iCloud backups. However, Apple’s decision to pull the feature instead of complying suggests that it may continue to push back against government demands for broader access to user data.

Meanwhile, the debate over encryption, surveillance, and the limits of government power is far from over. Privacy advocates warn that the UK's approach could lead to increased state surveillance and weakened digital protections worldwide.

As governments and tech companies continue to clash over these issues, one thing is clear: the fight over encryption is only just beginning.

The Rising Crime Rate in the UK: A Crisis in the Criminal Justice System

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14 April 2025

Paul Francis

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The United Kingdom is facing a growing crime problem, with recent reports indicating that a small percentage of offenders are responsible for a significant proportion of criminal activity. According to official statistics, 10% of offenders commit approximately 50% of all crimes. This alarming trend has sparked widespread concern about the effectiveness of the UK’s criminal justice system, particularly in its ability to deter repeat offenders and protect the public. Despite calls for stricter sentencing and improved rehabilitation programs, many habitual criminals continue to evade imprisonment, contributing to a cycle of reoffending that places increasing strain on law enforcement and the judicial system.

Police in yellow vests face a crowd of protesters holding signs, including "#SaveTheChildren," under a clear sky in an urban square.

This article explores the key factors behind rising crime rates, the challenges facing law enforcement, the failures of the justice system, and potential solutions to address the issue.

The Scale of the Problem

Crime in the UK has been rising steadily over the past decade, particularly in urban areas where violent crime, drug-related offences, and theft have become increasingly common.

Repeat Offenders: The most concerning aspect of the crime wave is the disproportionate impact of a small number of offenders. Many individuals with extensive criminal records continue to commit serious crimes but receive lenient sentences or avoid incarceration altogether.
Violent Crime: Knife crime, in particular, has reached record highs, with major cities such as London, Manchester, and Birmingham experiencing increased incidents of stabbings and gang-related violence.
Theft and Burglary: Property crime, including burglaries and car thefts, has also surged, with reports indicating that many of these offences are committed by the same repeat offenders.
Drug-Related Crime: The illegal drug trade continues to fuel criminal activity across the UK, with organised gangs involved in county lines drug operations exploiting young and vulnerable individuals.

Challenges Facing Law Enforcement

The ability of the police to combat crime has been severely undermined by a range of issues, including funding cuts, staff shortages, and bureaucratic constraints.

Declining Police Numbers: Over the past decade, government austerity measures have led to significant reductions in police funding, resulting in fewer officers on the streets. The UK has lost approximately 20,000 police officers since 2010, severely impacting the ability of law enforcement to respond to and prevent crime.
Underfunded Investigation Units: Many police forces lack the resources to properly investigate crimes, leading to long delays in prosecutions and, in some cases, offenders escaping justice due to lack of evidence.
Increased Bureaucracy: Officers are often burdened with excessive paperwork and administrative tasks, reducing the amount of time they can spend on active crime prevention and community policing.
Lack of Public Confidence: Many communities, particularly those in high-crime areas, have lost faith in law enforcement due to the perception that criminals are not being adequately punished. This has led to a rise in vigilantism and an unwillingness to cooperate with the police.

The Failures of the Criminal Justice System

The UK’s judicial system has been widely criticized for failing to adequately punish repeat offenders and deter criminal behavior.

Lenient Sentencing

Many criminals with extensive records are given short or suspended sentences, allowing them to reoffend within weeks or months.
Judges are often constrained by sentencing guidelines that emphasize rehabilitation over punishment, leading to concerns that justice is not being served for victims.
In some cases, offenders convicted of violent crimes have received community service or electronic tagging instead of prison time.

Overcrowded Prisons and Early Releases

The UK’s prison system is operating at near full capacity, with overcrowding leading to early releases and reduced sentences for many offenders.
A lack of funding for new prison facilities has resulted in thousands of inmates being freed early under automatic release schemes, regardless of their risk to society.
The shortage of prison places means that courts are increasingly reluctant to impose custodial sentences, even for serious crimes.

Failures in Rehabilitation Programs

While rehabilitation is a crucial component of the justice system, many offender rehabilitation programs are underfunded and poorly managed.
Ex-prisoners often struggle to reintegrate into society due to a lack of employment opportunities, inadequate housing support, and limited access to mental health services.
Without proper intervention, many released offenders quickly return to criminal activity.

The Economic and Social Cost of Crime

Crime has far-reaching consequences beyond its immediate impact on victims. The economic burden on the UK due to criminal activity is estimated to be in the billions annually, covering costs associated with law enforcement, judicial proceedings, healthcare (for victims of violent crime), and lost productivity.

Business Impact: Retailers and business owners face increasing losses due to shoplifting, burglary, and fraud. Many have been forced to invest heavily in private security measures.
Community Decline: High-crime areas experience lower property values, declining business investment, and reduced quality of life for residents.
Healthcare Costs: The NHS bears a significant burden from violent crime, with millions spent each year on treating victims of assaults and stabbings.

Potential Solutions to the Crime Crisis

Addressing the crime wave requires a multi-faceted approach, combining stricter sentencing, better policing, and improved rehabilitation efforts.

Stricter Sentencing and Judicial Reforms

Courts must impose harsher penalties for repeat offenders to break the cycle of reoffending.
The government should review sentencing guidelines to ensure that violent criminals and habitual offenders face longer custodial sentences.
Automatic early-release schemes should be reconsidered to prevent dangerous individuals from returning to society prematurely.

Investment in Law Enforcement

Recruiting additional police officers and increasing funding for law enforcement agencies would help improve response times and crime prevention efforts.
Expanding specialist crime units focused on gang violence, drug trafficking, and cybercrime would strengthen the police’s ability to tackle organized crime networks.
Providing officers with better technology and resources, such as surveillance tools and forensic labs, would enhance investigative capabilities.

Expanding Prison Capacity and Reforming Rehabilitation Programs

Building new prisons and upgrading existing facilities would ease overcrowding and allow for longer, more effective incarceration periods for dangerous offenders.
Developing more comprehensive rehabilitation programs that address substance abuse, mental health issues, and employment training would reduce reoffending rates.
Strengthening post-release supervision for ex-prisoners, including stricter parole conditions and increased monitoring, would help prevent reoffending.

Community Engagement and Crime Prevention

Strengthening community policing initiatives can help rebuild trust between law enforcement and the public.
Expanding youth intervention programs to deter young people from joining gangs or engaging in criminal behaviour is crucial.
Investing in social programs that provide education, job opportunities, and mental health support in high-crime areas would address some of the root causes of criminal behaviour.

The rise in crime and the failure of the UK’s justice system to adequately address repeat offending pose a serious threat to public safety and social stability. While law enforcement agencies and the judicial system face significant challenges, meaningful reforms can help curb the growing crime wave. Stricter sentencing, increased police funding, improved prison capacity, and targeted rehabilitation programs must be prioritized to protect communities and restore public confidence in the justice system. Without decisive action, the UK risks a further deterioration in law and order, making crime an increasingly unmanageable issue in the years to come.